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In the world of C it is up to us to declare variables such as those Refnums as 'volatile' so the compiler knows they may change despite the appearance of being loop invariants. I would say it is a bug that the LV compiler does not treat Refnums as volatile. I'd say most of your workarounds would work, but are in (slight) danger of being optimized away as the compiler improves. Personally, I'd drop an 'Always Copy' node instead of the IPES.

Yes, definitely for CLAs. OOP is fundamental in almost every other high-order programming language, why should G be any different. In fact, I believe, NI should teach OOP a lot earlier in the Core classes. If for nothing else, to teach encapsulation. Inheritance and overrides can come later but CLAs should be familiar with all those concepts. See "Encapsulation in King! by Daniel Harryman from GDevCon#1" for a good example of why and how to teach this.