That's hardly efficient as you actually copy the memory buffer at least twice (but most likely three times), likely once in the .Net function you call, then with memcpy() in your C++/CLI wrapper and then again with your GetValueByPointer.xnode. Basically you created a complicated solution to supposedly make something performant, but made it anything but performant.
If your C++/CLI DLL instead provides a function where the caller can pass in the pre-allocated array as an actual array (of bytes, integers, doubles, apples or whatever) and request to have the data copied into it, you are already done. Without pointer voodoo on the LabVIEW diagram and at least one memory copy less.