RS232 has relatively high signal levels (+-9V) that would fry the DS28E17. You want a 1-Wire capable MCU or a USB adapter. It can be done with an Arduino.
You want to create a scan list. At 10Hz, that's 160 relay close, stabilize, measure, relay open operations. You might have to sacrifice resolution to get to that speed.
Is PCIe a requirement? FTDI (assuming you get them from reliable sources) produce very reliable USB to RS232 cables. They also have TTL and LVTTL versions.
LAN - Did you set up the R&S IP address? Do you get Ping replies?
USB - Did you install the USB drivers from R&S? does the device appear in Windows device manager?
What is the model of the SA?
When writing arrays directly to Excel, there is a time limit for Excel to write the array to the selected range. If that limit is exceeded, you will get an error.
The .NET API provides a more detailed error than the ActiveX API.
This is the closest thing to a pinout I could find for the PXIe-2525. You will have to check connectivity between the 160 pin connector and the 50 position terminals.
NI MAX 2020 doesn't list this board.
GUID-04647FDC-4447-45DA-9BB2-4E10EA993437-a5.svg
You will have to convert the OpenCV MAT to LV picture. The MAT object has a ToBitmap method, which can generate a LV compatible bitmap.
I attached a VI that uses the EmguCV .NET wrapper.
The next question is what removes measurements from this array? Except the INIT command, there is nothing that reduces its size. Over time, with new measurement names, it will always increase in size.